Rousseau - Justice essays

Rousseau - Justice articles Jean-Jacques Rousseau is no ifs, ands or buts one of the most interesting scholars to have at any point graced the earth. All through the entirety of his composing he figures out how to decipher a greater number of parts of every day life than some other writerphilosopher has ever done. At the point when Rousseau encounters his first taste of unfairness, this is the most dumbfounding circumstance to have at any point influenced his life so far. Starting here on Rousseau will be tainted due to the bogus denouncing that was place on him as a little youngster. In the early times of Rousseaus life he was an unguided youngster attempting to become familiar with an exchange to get by. Being the child of a watch creator, Rousseau looked for a higher reason to his life. Subsequent to sinking long stretches of his life into apprenticeship, Rousseau felt that his exchange was unfulfilling and void. The exact opposite thing that Rousseau required in his life was more discussion. Nonetheless, all of a sudden Rousseau gets blamed for breaking Mme Lamberciers brush. For a small kid being blamed for a wrongdoing that you didn't submit can be a very damaging encounter. As I would see it one of the significant defining moments in Rousseau life was this circumstance. Starting here on Rousseau lost his regard for most things right and just. So far Rousseau has set up the essential sentiments and feelings to direct him for an amazing duration. In the event that Rousseaus character at any point had a defect it would need to be self-importance. Additionally, Rousseau shows pomposity when attempting to take part in an extramarital entanglements with Mme Basil who is a regarded individual from the Catholic Church. Mme Basil has committed to her vow to God to remain unadulterated and not even Rousseau can break this trust. All through the entirety of the encounters in Rousseaus life, he has accused a malicious activity submitted for the individuals or conditions that have adulterated him. To many, Rousseau is viewed as a progenitor of brain science and sociolog ... <!

Vampire Academy Chapter 20

TWENTY MY MOUTH DROPPED OPEN. â€Å"Uh†¦wait†¦you mean sex?† My bewilderment kept me from thinking about a superior reaction. Bricklayer thought it was insane. Jesse appeared as though he needed to pass on. â€Å"Of course I mean sex. She said she'd do it in the event that we said that we'd†¦you know†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I scowled. â€Å"You folks didn't both, uh, do it simultaneously, did you?† â€Å"No,† said Jesse in sicken. Ralf sort of seemed as though he wouldn't have disapproved. â€Å"God,† I mumbled, pushing hair out of my face. â€Å"I can't accept she abhors us that much.† â€Å"Hey,† shouted Jesse, adding something extra to my implication. â€Å"What's that expected to mean? We're not excessively awful. What's more, you and me †we were quite near †â€Å" â€Å"No. We weren't close at all to that.† Mason chuckled once more, and something struck me. â€Å"If this†¦if this occurred in those days, though†¦she must have still been dating Aaron.† Every one of the three folks gestured. â€Å"Oh. Whoa.† Mia truly despised us. She'd quite recently moved past poor-young lady wronged-by-girl's-sibling and well into sociopath domain. She'd laid down with these two and undermined a beau whom she appeared to venerate. Jesse and Ralf looked staggeringly alleviated when we left. Artisan threw an apathetic arm around my shoulders. â€Å"Well? What do you think? I rule, isn't that so? You can let me know. I won't mind.† I snickered. â€Å"How'd you at long last find that out?† â€Å"I brought in a great deal of favors. Utilized a few dangers. The way that Mia can't fight back aided too.† I reviewed Mia hailing me a day or two ago. I didn't think she was altogether defenseless yet didn't say as much. â€Å"They'll begin telling individuals on Monday.† he proceeded. â€Å"They guaranteed. Everyone'll know by lunch.† â€Å"Why not now?† I asked glumly. â€Å"They laid down with a young lady. Damages her more than them.† â€Å"Yeah. Valid. They would not like to manage it this evening. You could begin advising individuals in the event that you needed to. We could make a banner.† With the same number of times as Mia had considered me a skank and a prostitute? Not an ill-conceived notion. â€Å"You got any markers and paper?†¦Ã¢â‚¬  My words trailed off as I gazed over the rec center to where Lissa stood encompassed by admirers, Aaron's arm around her midriff. She wore a smooth pink cotton sheath in a shade I would never have pulled off. Her light hair had been pulled up in a bun that she'd utilized little gem clips on. It nearly seemed as though she wore a crown. Princess Vasilisa. Indistinguishable sentiments from prior murmured through to me, uneasiness and fervor. She just couldn't exactly have a ball today around evening time. Watching her from the opposite side of the room, hiding in the dimness, was Christian. He essentially mixed into the shadows. â€Å"Stop it,† Mason reprimanded me, seeing my gaze. â€Å"Don't stress over her tonight.† â€Å"Hard not to.† â€Å"It makes you look all discouraged. Furthermore, you're excessively hot in that dress to look discouraged. Please, there's Eddie.† He hauled me away, however not before I cast one final look at Lissa behind me. Our eyes met quickly. Lament flashed through the bond. In any case, I pushed her off of my mind †allegorically talking †and figured out how to put on a decent face when we joined a gathering of different learners. We earned a great deal of mileage by educating them concerning the Mia embarrassment and, insignificant or not, seeing my name cleared and seeking retribution on her felt incredibly great. Furthermore, as those in our gathering strayed and blended with others, I could see the news spreading and spreading. So much for holding up until Monday. Whatever. I couldn't have cared less. I was really making some great memories. I fell into my old job, glad to see I hadn't become excessively dusty in making interesting and coy comments. However, as time passed and Eddie's gathering developed nearer, I began to feel Lissa's tension get in force. Glaring, I quit talking and pivoted, examining the space for her. There. She was still with a gathering of individuals, still the sun in her little close planetary system. Be that as it may, Aaron was inclining near her, saying something in her ear. A grin I perceived as phony was put over her face, and the disturbance and tension from her expanded further. At that point it spiked. Mia had approached them. Whatever she'd come to state, she didn't burn through whenever in saying it. With the eyes of Lissa's admirers on her, little Mia in her red dress signaled fiercely, mouth working animatedly. I was unable to hear the words from over the room, however the sentiments became darker and darker through the bond. €Å"i must go,† I told Mason. I half strolled, half went to Lissa's side, getting just the last part of Mia's outburst. She was shouting at Lissa full power now and inclining toward her face. From what I could delineate for, word more likely than not contacted her about Jesse and Ralf selling her out. † †you and your whorish companion! I'm going to mention to everybody what a psycho you are and how they needed to secure you in the facility since you're so insane. They're putting you taking drugs. That is the reason you and Rose left before any other individual could discover you cut †â€Å" Hold up, not great. Much the same as at our first gathering in the cafeteria, I snatched her and snapped her away. â€Å"Hey,† I said. â€Å"Slutty companion here. Recollect the thing I said about standing excessively near her?† Mia growled, exposing her teeth. As I'd noted previously, I was unable to feel unreasonably upset for her any longer. She was hazardous. She had stooped low to give just desserts to me. Presently, some way or another, she thought about Lissa and the cutting. Truly knew, as well; she wasn't simply speculating. The data she had now sounded both like what the watchmen on the scene had announced, just as what I'd informed them regarding Lissa's history. Perhaps some secret specialist's stuff as well. Mia'd caught the records some way or another. Lissa acknowledged it as well, and the expression all over †terrified and delicate, no more princess †settled on my choice for me. It didn't make a difference that Kirova had spoken a few days ago about giving me my opportunity, that I'd been making some acceptable memories, and that I could have released my concerns and celebrated today around evening time. I was going to destroy everything, directly here and at this moment. I'm truly not acceptable with motivation control. I punched Mia as hard as I could †harder, I think, than I'd even hit Jesse. I heard a smash as my clench hand affected her nose, and blood sprayed out. Somebody shouted. Mia yelled and flew in reverse into some screeching young ladies who would not like to get blood on their dresses. I dipped in after her, getting in one all the more great punch before someone stripped me off her. I didn't battle restriction as I had when they'd taken me from Mr. Nagy's study hall. I'd expected this when I'd swung at her. Halting all indications of opposition, I let two gatekeepers lead me out of the move while Ms. Kirova attempted to bring some similarity to arrange. I couldn't have cared less what they did to me. Not any longer. Rebuff or remove. Whatever. I could deal with †In front of us, through the ebbing and streaming floods of understudies going through the swinging doors, I saw a figure in pink dart out. Lissa. My own crazy feelings had superseded hers, yet there they were, flooding once more into me. Annihilation. Sadness. Everybody knew her mystery now. She'd face something beyond inert hypothesis. Pieces would fall together. She was unable to deal with that. Realizing I wasn't going anyplace, I hysterically looked for some approach to support her. A dull figure got my attention. â€Å"Christian!† I hollered. He'd been gazing at Lissa's withdrawing figure yet looked up at the sound of his name. One of my escorts shushed me and took my arm. â€Å"Be quiet.† I overlooked her. â€Å"Go after her,† I called to Christian. â€Å"Hurry.† He just stayed there, and I smothered a moan. â€Å"Go, you idiot!† My watchmen spoke harshly to me to hush up once more, yet something within Christian woke up. Jumping up from his relaxing position, he detached toward the path Lissa had voyage. Nobody needed to manage me that night. There'd be hellfire to pay tomorrow †I heard discuss suspension or potentially even removal †yet Kirova had her hands full with a draining Mia and an insane understudy body. The gatekeepers accompanied me to my room under the vigilant gaze of the residence lady who educated me she'd keep an eye on me consistently to ensure I remained in my room. Several watchmen would likewise hang out around the residence's passageways. Evidently I was currently a high-security hazard. I'd likely recently demolished Eddie's gathering; he'd never sneak a gathering up to his room now. Careless of my dress, I ruffled onto the floor of my room, folding my legs underneath me. I connected with Lissa. She was more settled at this point. The occasions from the move despite everything hurt her horribly, however Christian was mitigating her by one way or another, in spite of the fact that whether it was through basic words or physical magic, I was unable to state. I couldn't have cared less. Inasmuch as she felt much improved and wouldn't do anything idiotic. I came back to myself. Truly, things would get chaotic at this point. Mia and Jesse's separate allegations were going to set the school ablaze. I presumably would get tossed out and need to go live with a lot of scandalous dhampir ladies. In any event Lissa may understand Aaron was exhausting and that she needed to be with Christian. In any case, regardless of whether that was the best thing, it despite everything implied †Christian. Christian. Christian was harmed. I snapped once more into Lissa's body, unexpectedly sucked in by the dread beating through her. She was encircled, encircled by people who had appeared suddenly, blasting up into the storage room of the house of prayer where she and Christian had gone to talk. Christian jumped up, fire flaring from his fingers. One of the intruders hit him on the head with something hard, making his body droop to the ground. I frantically trusted he was alright, however I was unable to squander any more vitality stressing over him. All my dread was for Lissa now. I was unable to let something very similar ha

Attempts to Connect in Joyce Carol Oates Shopping Essay -- Joyce Caro

Endeavors to Connect in Shopping Despite the fact that Shopping, composed by Joyce Carol Oates, is fiction, the story depicts a relationship that speaks to numerous guardians and kids have in genuine life.â The youngster is growing up and needs to spread her wings.â However, the parent as a rule wouldn't like to let go.â Arguments and the cumbersome quiets are visit. The apparently futile endeavors to associate with the child or girl are additionally frequent.â Yet, what the youngster doesn't understand is that regardless of how old she may get, she is as yet the parent s child.â The mother won't overlook how valuable her little infant is, yet that is the thing that the mother does in this story.â Oates utilizes references to pregnancy to depict the connection among mother and daughter.â Mrs. Dietrich recalls what it resembled to have her little baby.â Through shopping, she attempts to identify with her high school girl in the equivalent loved manner.   â â The story is immediately presented with the line,â An old ritual.â Saturdaymorning shoppingâ â (833).â The story happens when Nola, 17, visits home during spring break to see companions and to shop with her mom, Mrs. Dietrich, 47.â â Though 40 years separate the two, Mrs. Dietrich endeavors to interface with her girl through this shopping trip.â â â Nola doesn't grumble on the grounds that to her, shopping isâ like coming homeâ â (835).â However, an association doesn't occur due to an absence of communication.â During the excursion, Mrs. Dietrich attempts to raise a point to discuss yet when she attempts, she stops and says,â They ve experienced that previously . â This happens a few times during the story.â For instance, when Mrs. Dietrich is enticed to ask what Nola is thinking she stops and needs to oppose the impulse to do so.â Mrs. ... ...versation.â Instead, she didn't utter a word becauseâ she knows not to argueâ â (836). Another open door is when Nola tells her mom about her expectation to go to Paris for a semester.â Instead of inquiring as to why Nola needs to go or what she anticipates doing there, Mrs. Dietrich appears to excuse the subject.â Mrs. Dietrich would prefer to discuss it some other timeâ (840).â â Again, a chance to soothe the strain is lost.   â â The story shows a connection between a mother and a little girl through the occasion of shopping.â Mrs. Dietrich, a moderately aged mother, yearns to have that personal connection with her little girl, similarly as she did when she was pregnant.â Nola, a youthful adolescent needing to spread her wings, simply needs her mom to let her go.â This season of their relationship is clumsy for them two yet is run of the mill for some guardians and youngsters.

Effectiveness of United States Business Practices Laws Essay Example for Free

Adequacy of United States Business Practices Laws Essay Adequacy of United States Business Practices Laws Presentation Do you feel that such laws are powerful?  â â â â â â â â â â United States of America has a few laws which should additionally adjusted, reasonable and serious strategic policies. The laws are fundamentally viable in light of the fact that control measures intended to fortify and anticipate strategic approaches that are reasonable are clung to. With this, the assurance of either achievement or the disappointment of a particular guidelines or details can rely upon the point that you take a gander at them from. With the counter trust laws safeness from any type of absurd exchange, unreasonable and non-serious business acts and value separation are completely guaranteed. For example, each time new laws and guidelines are started beginning incredulity concerning their expected reason and their effect as laws which should advance serious and reasonable strategic approaches. Individuals may anyway not understand it refering to a case of customers where antitrust laws have consequences for their every day life from various perspectives.  â â â â â â â â â â The Federal Trade Commission of the United States Act thought of an administration commission which was intended to help forestall uncalled for come uncompetitive strategic approaches. 2014 FDIC’s consistence Manual states that:In request to forestall beguiling, uncompetitive or uncalled for strategic policies to shoppers; to encourage educated customer decision and open mindfulness regarding a serious procedure and so as to achieve such a lot of having not unduly troubling authentic business exercises (FDIC, 2014).  â â â â â â â â â â Many different guidelines come laws have been authorized to completely secure laborers and shoppers (since 1930s). It’s illicit for any business to segregate as far as recruiting on the age, race, sex or even their strict accepts. Youngster work is profoundly precluded. All free worker's organizations are guaranteed of absolute rights to deal or even sort out a strike. These laws are completely implemented to help keep up everyone’s wellbeing and security.  â â â â â â â â â â Back in 1890, the United States Congress authorized the well known Sherman Antitrust Act which is essentially a law planned to reestablish let loose endeavor and rivalry through breaking of syndications. As per the US Congress (1890), â€Å"Sherman Anti-Trust Act† illegalizes all mixes, agreements or tricks that may nonsensically control both remote and interstate exchange. This will incorporate understandings among contenders to fix offers, fix costs and apportion clients all which are considered as criminal lawful offenses and are punishable.’’ For what reason are the laws viable?  â â â â â â â â â â The first motivation behind authorizing the Sherman Antitrust Act was essentially the assurance of customers from set up organizations which may choose utilize deceitful approaches to misleadingly raise costs, this might be through purposive creation of not many merchandise which don't fulfill the purchaser need along these lines naturally raise the items cost and worth. The US Justice Department states, â€Å"This law mainly demonstrates our duty to a free market economy which there is no opposition from both administrative and private limitations prompts great outcomes for all purchasers.  â â â â â â â â â â The United States government has truly attempted in protecting the shoppers and exchange enterprises from unjustifiable treatment during any strategic approaches. In 1914 the Congress along these lines passed 2 additional laws which were intended to strengthen the Clayton Antitrust Act Sherman, other noteworthy business related acts. The Clayton Antitrust Act unmistakably characterized what the parts relating unlawful restrictions of exchange. The International Economics Institute obviously expresses that: â€Å"The demonstration illegalized value segregation which gave a few purchasers points of interest over others, didn't permit understandings in which any maker can offer just to dealer(s) who enthusiastically consents to never sell any of opponent makers product(s) and precludes explicit merger types or different acts that can diminish rivalry (U.S Congress, 1914). End  â â â â â â â â â â It’s consistently hard to decide when one disregards any of the antitrust laws. Translations of the laws have changed and numerous experts differ subsequent to surveying if organizations have truly increased a lot of intensity which may meddle the market activities. The Department of Justice states, â€Å"Effective authorization of antitrust needs tremendous open help. Notwithstanding, open obliviousness and unresponsiveness can antagonistically debilitate the implementation antitrust considerably more than some other issue. A shopper or specialist who experiences business practices which appears to really damage the antitrust laws should contact with prompt impact the authorization authorities.† Corporate courses of action and conditions that may appear to have some antitrust dangers in a specific period and should show up as a little danger in another. Taking everything into account, in the case of purchasing a vehicle, doing some food shopping at the staple or downloading some new programming from any webpage in the Internet, antitrust laws play out a significant job in ensuring individuals have full advantages of top notch products or administrations at the most effective and serious costs. These antitrust laws accomplish these objectives through cultivating and advancement of market rivalry and avoidance of strategic policies and mergers which are not serious. It is in this manner apparent that the United States has laws that are intended to facilitate serious, reasonable and adjusted strategic approaches are profoundly viable. References Pitofsky. E. M. (1978). Establishment for International Economics. New York. FDIC. (2014, January 5). Government Trade Commission Act. New York. Recovered from fdic.gov: http://www.fdic.gov/guidelines/consistence/manual/pdf/VII-1.1.pdf U.S. Division of Justice. (1997). Antitrust Enforcement and the Consumer. Washington. Source record

Diverse sources

Question: Clarify the Diverse wellsprings of current moral and social issues. Answer: In present condition, morals has prime job with respect to direct a business appropriately. Since, it not causes society to develop in general yet in addition give preferred position to the organizations. This investigation assesses the effect of home proprietorship rules to the job of the indigenous individuals. Along these lines, the investigation centers around to basically dissect each factor with respect to indigenous home proprietorship so as to assess the sort of effect it can made on the general practical turn of events. The investigation likewise basically breaks down whether network is progressively significant in regards to a business presentation or individual flash. Assorted wellsprings of current moral and social issues: From the contextual analysis, I found that private home proprietorship in the indigenous land has developed as one of the major social issues of Australian culture. Since, home possession can possibly have significant commitment in giving money related security to the individuals. Structure the examination, I found that lion's share of the individuals in Australia has the privilege to have the responsibility for and lands. In this way, not giving home proprietorship in the customary indigenous land has risen as the top social issues of the general public (Acevedo 2011). From the investigation, I found that customary indigenous grounds are the main places in Australia where no one can have private home proprietorship. Therefore, I accept that it not just influencing others from the Australian culture to have responsibility for indigenous land yet in addition influencing budgetary security of the indigenous individuals of the Australian culture. I assess that dominant part of the benefits of indigenous Australians are commonly own. Along these lines, it not just influencing budgetary security of the indigenous individuals yet additionally has unfavorable effect on the financial turn of events (Kline 2011). I evaluated that common possession has significant negative impact on property charges. Therefore, salary level of the economy affected too. Comprehension of the worldwide administration abilities: Worldwide administration aptitude with respect to indigenous network improvement should think about a few variables. From the investigation, it very well may be assessed that numerous organizations began working together without including neighborhood individuals (Kwarciã… â€žski 2012). Therefore, the indigenous network can't ready to have any profit by the presentation of new organizations. This not just influenced the general conservative improvement of the indigenous society yet in addition expanding level of disappointment too. Nonetheless, in the present serious business condition each association is hoping to actualize systems that can possibly give upper hand (Roberts 2012). Henceforth, the executives abilities of the association getting increasingly essential so as to limit the disappointment level of the indigenous individuals of the Australian people group. The examination assessed the way that worldwide administrators won't just need to concentrate on the income level of the organization yet in addition should guarantee that it is doing its bit to help efficient advancement of the indigenous individuals of the network. Subsequently, the executives expertise should consider adjusting the income level of the association with the efficient improvement of the indigenous society (Ma et al. 2012). For example, the investigation has referenced that the administration should consider explicit level of indigenous individuals to incorporate into the business with the goal that it can ready to keep up business morals appropriately. Effect of the distinctive social and moral qualities in the association procedure inside the association: According to the article by Neiman (2012), contrasts in social qualities can have significant effect on the moral practices. Since, individuals build up their discernment dependent on their qualities, which is profoundly impacted by the way of life in which they conceived and raised. Consequently, I accept that it is vital for each association to build up a hierarchical culture, which will impact individuals paying little heed to their way of life to think of new and creative thoughts (Mande 2012). Likewise, I found that the investigation featured that it is significant for an association working in an indigenous network to take in any event 25% of the indigenous individuals. Presently, I accept that it clear that the way of life of the indigenous individuals is profoundly unique as contrasted and others. In this way, I think these distinctions in culture will make boundaries in the general correspondence structure of a specific association. Presently, I firmly accept that viable correspondence inside the hierarchical structure have significant job in giving upper hand in the association (Gallagher 2012). Moreover, correspondence hindrance can likewise limit people to share their points of view, which will in the end de-inspire them towards their work. Thus, it is vital for the administration to build up an air that can permit association to play out its correspondence procedure in a smoother way (Ryan 2012). Examination of indigenous subjects in the contemporary business: I found that the idea of indigenous subject has ready to accumulate enormous measure of enthusiasm in the course of recent decades. With regards to the investigation that featured the effect of home proprietorship rules for the indigenous individuals and its effect on the organizations. I found that numerous associations have actualized numerous procedures so as to improve the practical state of the indigenous society. In any case, from the investigation I found that home possession factor has enormous measure of antagonistic effect on the monetary security of the indigenous individuals. Accordingly, I figure associations should give additional advantages with the goal that these individuals can ready to have a much better money related secure life. In any case, I do comprehend that associations should contribute extra for the advancement of these individuals. Truth be told, numerous examinations have referenced that dominant part of the indigenous individuals doesn't have a particular range of abilities, which an association can use to build its income level (Neiman 2012). In this manner, I think it is dependent upon the associations to give preparing to these indigenous individuals with the goal that they can ready to add to the benefit level of the association. In this way, I figure associations should make long haul interest so as to have profits by the individuals. What's more, I found from the examination that the administration would give concessions and different advantages to the associations that would utilize 75% of its all out representative from the indigenous society (Toiviainen 2012). Hence, I imagine that it can have genuine effect on the business procedures of the association. Survey of the article: According to my supposition, the article breaks down various components identified with indigenous network so as to evaluate the sort of effect it can have on the business forms. Toward the start, I found that the home proprietorship rules of indigenous land really have enormous measure of negative effect on the prudent advancement procedure of the general public. Since, I found that individuals would not need to pays property assessment to the legislature that they really have. Since, it isn't under the guidelines of individual proprietorship (Orozco and Poonamallee 2013). Thus, I found that the income level of the legislature influenced enormously, which in the long run limits the chance of monetary advancement of the general public. From the investigation, I likewise make out that the vast majority of the associations are hesitant to use nearby individuals of the indigenous society in the hierarchical structure. I accept this is principally a direct result of the absence of information and aptitudes of these individuals. Thus, associations hope to import individuals from various topographical are with the goal that they can ready to satisfy the prerequisite of the association successfully (Saxena 2012). Be that as it may, I think this must be considered as a significant moral issue that associations should consider. Since, I discovered it really limits the chance of prudent advancement of the indigenous society. End: In present setting, the idea of indigenous has significant effect on the business forms too. Since, globalization has made associations to work in various culture. Consequently, they need to remember nearby individuals for its authoritative structure so as to keep up its altruism in the general public. Besides, increment number of evacuees in the created nations likewise has significant effect on the idea of indigenous individuals, as the economies should confront difficulties with respect to increasingly more presentation of various societies. Thus, associations should be very cautious before executing any business techniques so it ready to keep up its morals appropriately. References: Acevedo, Alma. 2011. Personalist Business Ethics And Humanistic Management: Insights From Jacques Maritain.J Bus Ethics105 (2): 197-219. doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0959-x. Gallagher, A. 2012. Morals And Compromised Consciousness.Nursing Ethics19 (4): 449-450. doi:10.1177/0969733012449782. Kline, William. 2011. HumeS Theory Of Business Ethics Revisited.J Bus Ethics105 (2): 163-174. doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0956-0. Kwarciã… â€žski, Tomasz. 2012. Morals Of Business Or Ethics For Business? Two Models For Teaching Business Ethics.MBA.CE3(116): 42-49. doi:10.7206/mba.ce.2084-3356.14. Mama, Zhenzhong, Dapeng Liang, Kuo-Hsun Yu, and Yender Lee. 2012. Most Cited Business Ethics Publications: Mapping The Intellectual Structure Of Business Ethics Studies In 2001-2008.Bus Ethics Eur Rev21 (3): 286-297. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2012.01652.x. Mande, WilsonMuyinda. 2012. Business Ethics Course And Readiness Of MBA Students To Manage Ethically.Afr J Bus Ethics6 (2): 133. doi:10.4103/1817-7417.111024. Neiman, Paul. 2012. A Social Contract For International Business Ethics.J Bus Ethics114 (1): 75-90. doi:10.1007/s10551-012-1332-4. Orozco, David and Latha Poonamallee. 2013. The Role Of Ethics In The

2017 Short Essay Questions (for RD and Deferred EA applicants only) - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

2017 Short Essay Questions (for RD and Deferred EA applicants only) - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2017 Short Essay Questions (for RD and Deferred EA applicants only) Every year, our office reviews the freshman application for changes that we would like to see for the next year. During this review, we also look at the short essay questions that are required for First Year applicants who apply Regular Decision or are deferred Early Action (Early Action applicants do not submit essays unless they are deferred). We were very pleased with the responses we received last year, so we are keeping the same essays for 2017 as we had for 2016. We require one short essay that all RD or deferred EA applicants must complete, and three additional short essay topics with the applicant selecting to respond to two of these. Essay 1 should be between 200-300 words, while essays 2-4 should be between 150 to 200 words, but remember to focus on substance and not word count. Before submitting your application and essays, always remember to proofread and edit! The First Year application will be available on September 1, but we thought that some people would want to know the essays earlier than that date. Here are the four essay questions as we now have them, with Essay 1 being required (200-300 words) and Essays 2-4 being three options from which the applicant can select two (150-200 words). (Required) The UGA faculty has defined the qualities that the student body should demonstrate in the Admissions Philosophy Statement. After reviewing this, help us understand which of your qualities will add value to our community of scholars. (200-300 words) Describe a problem, possibly related to your area of study, which you would like to solve. Explain its importance to you and what actions you would take to solve this issue. (150-200 words) Tell us an interesting or amusing story about yourself that you have not already shared in your application. (150-200 words) UGA’s First Year Odyssey Program offers more than 300 seminar courses for new freshmen. Some examples include “The History of Horseracing”, “Einstein and the Theories of Relativity” and “The Zombie Plague”. If you could create your own seminar course at UGA in any subject area that interested you, what would it be? What would the course be named and what would you hope to learn? Please write your response in the style of the UGA First Year Odyssey descriptions as seen on their website. (150-200 words) Since I have been focused on getting a new recruitment system up and running this year, I was not able to review as many applications this past winter/spring, and thus I did not pull out any specific essays from this last application cycle. As such, here is a great essay from 2 years ago: Its Christmas morning. Im asleep in a beautiful princess bed adorned with flowers and puffy pink pillows. Ive always slept with Weez on Christmas Eve. Now let me make a little sense of all of this. Weez is my little sister (her nickname) and we always have a slumber party in her room on Christmas Eve. Seeing her experience the magic of Christmas never gets old even when shes kicking me and stealing the sheets at two in the morning. I cant help but feel the same things she does when she first wakes up and realizes what day it is. Then comes the mad dash downstairs to see what fun toys Santa left under the tree. Once all of the presents are opened, Weez always seems to have more fun playing with the boxes than the toys that came out of them. Sitting there, building a box fort with her, I realize that shes the present Im most thankful for. Shes taught me how to be more appreciative of the people around me than the things around me. Wow. Here I am with one of the greatest presents of all, my adopted sister. Griffin H., thank you for letting us share your essay with future applicants to UGA.

Prayer In School Research Assignment Paper - 550 Words

Prayer In School Research Assignment Paper (Essay Sample) Content: Prayer in schoolStudent NameInstitution AffiliationPrayer in schoolA prayer is a humble request for assistance or a way by which people thank their Almighty creator or objects of worship. It also serves as a tool of interaction between people and their objects of worship. Prayers in school is a controversial issue and many institutions have been in a dilemma whether to allow or ban prayer in public schools. Unfortunately some institutions have completely eradicated the idea of having prayers in their institution due to religious conflicts that might ensue among different religious groups.The society is made up of different religions and the constitution guarantees the citizens the freedom and rights of worship and religion. The constitution justifies and glorifies the existence of prayer and worship among different people in the society. The essay seeks to underscore the benefits and demerits of tolerating prayers in public schools. I strongly agree with the idea of h aving freedom of religion and worship being embodied in the states constitution. Additionally, the essay aims to justify my stand as to why religion should not be allowed to discriminate individuals in public institutions.I strongly oppose the idea of incorporating religion in public school because it can breed enmity among different religions groups. For instance I would be very offensive to forcefully make a Muslim student to recite Bible verses and prayers. However, the schools should accommodate different religions so as to end the stalemate of whether or not to have religious prayers in public schools. There should be no compulsory prayers in public as it violates and infringes on the rights and freedom of worship.I strongly feel about this topic as it bred a series of oppositions, quarrels and fights in various public schools. Those students who do not subscribe to a particular faith have been subjected to both mental and psychological torture. For instance, schools that restr icts female students from wearing hijabs have made them feel as if they are lesser beings in the society. The discrimination is so horrible and oppressive.It is not also fair and just to have prayer public schools. The reason being those advocating for the inclusion of prayer and religion in schools are always biased to other religion. The parties dont give room for other religious parties to free express their thoughts on various subjects that affects the society. It would also be a terrible burden on the side of schools to teach and monitor various religious groups in the schools.The idea of embracing prayers in public schools is invasive and coercive. The school should bow to the religious privacy and differences of various student groups. According to (Gaylor, 2011). The schools should avoid taking positions when it comes to religion. It is advisable that the schools shun away stringent religious observance and coercion (Gaylor, 2011). Moreover, the schools should learn to accom modate the different diversity so as to harmoniously run its public affairs.It is the duty of parents and religious institutions to impart religious practices to students. Worship and prayers is a source of inspirations to the humankind. The school shou...

Human Trafficking A Public Health Problem Within The...

Human Trafficking Human trafficking is a public health problem within the United States and Internationally. The victims subjected to the lifestyle of human trafficking can have sexually transmitted disease, HIV virus, and AIDS. It is an estimated 30,000 victims of human sex trafficking dying each year from abuse, disease, torture, and neglect. According, to U.S. government an estimates, of 800,000 people are trafficked across international borders annually, and up to 17,500 people are trafficked into the United States each year (Hodge, 2008). â€Å"According to United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), over the past 30 years, over 30 million children have been sexually exploited through human trafficking† (Random Facts, 2015, para. 24). According to National Center for Missing Exploited Children who works with federal, state and local law enforcement: in 2015 there was more than 4.3 million reports of suspected child sexual exploitation calls receive through the Cyber Tipline. The National Center for Missing Exploited Center also analyzed more than 139 million images and videos depicting apparent child pornography through the Child Victim Identification Program. The Child Victim Identification Program is the world’s largest database of child pornography that is maintained by the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section of the United States Department of Justice and the National Center for Missing Exploited Children. (National Center for Missing Expolited Children, 2015)Show MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking : A Global Phenomenon That Does Not Recognize National Borders1589 Words   |  7 Pagesdone to Combating Human Trafficking? Human trafficking is a global phenomenon that does not recognize national borders. Realizing the serious consequences of the human toll, the U.S government has spent $55 million in 50 countries on anti-trafficking programs designed to help indigenous non-government organizations and, international organizations law enforcements officials and foreign governments prevent human trafficking, and restore victims to society. If human trafficking is going to be stoppedRead MoreHuman Trafficking - A Modern Form of Slavery Essay1218 Words   |  5 PagesWhen the topic of slavery is up for discussion, many individuals think of American history. In fact, the United States abolished slavery in 1865, the 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution states, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude...shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction (The United States Constitution). Although it is believed slavery is a thing of the past, its existence is evident in coun tless countries around the world. Thousands of foreignersRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the United States1603 Words   |  6 Pagesother countries to people in the United States. Imports and exports to and from the U.S include products as wide ranged as food, clothes, and even people. Human trafficking is a worldwide problem, including the United States. Currently, there are approximately 20.9 million people enslaved throughout the world with 2.5 million located in the United States. About 14,500 - 17,500 of foreign nationals are trafficked into the United States every year (Human trafficking statistics). These statistics showRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States1417 Words   |  6 PagesEach year about 17,500 individuals are brought into the United States and become victims of human trafficking. Every country has this problem and it has become the 3rd largest illegal industry worldwide. Human Trafficking is the trade of humans mainly for sexual slavery, but also forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker and sometimes others who take part in this act. Human trafficking is also used for organs or tissues, including surrogacy, ova removal, or making theseRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the Us1244 Words   |  5 PagesRough Draft: Human Trafficking and its Relationship throughout these United States A serious crime that virtually affects every country in the world is human trafficking. Human trafficking is a multi-national criminal business that’s roots are tied into â€Å"trans-criminal organizations, small criminal networks and local gangs, violations of labor and immigration codes, and government corruption† (Richard, 1999; U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2006.). Typically human trafficking has been definedRead MorePersuasive Essay On Human Trafficking1720 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is a serious problem in modern society. In fact, the United Nations has referred to it as â€Å"one of the gravest human rights violations of our times† (â€Å"Secretary - General Calls Human Trafficking†). It is a fast growing industry that affects millions. No gender, age, or status is spared from the cruelty that is trafficking. To stress this point again, human trafficking is not just a problem of the â€Å"world† or â€Å"United Statesà ¢â‚¬ , in general. As previously seen, it strikes very close toRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Its Effects On Human Rights856 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Trafficking is basically another form of slavery, which was abolished almost 150 years ago. The main types of human trafficking today Sex trafficking and forced labor. Sex trafficking involves traffickers threating, using violence and taking people in upon their own will and selling them for sex. Around 300,000 children are forced into sex trafficking each year. Forced labor is people who are being forced to work against their will. Many times these people are immigrants. Most of these jobsRead MoreHuman Trafficking: Slavery Today 1404 Words   |  6 PagesSocial service professionals work to address the problem of human trafficking in a number of ways. Social workers are unique in their approach to this issue because they can address it from a number of angles. For example, social workers concentrate on both the individual victi m as well as their social and economic situation which distinguishes it from other professions such as counseling (Palmer, 2010). Social workers meet the needs of human trafficking victims according to the principles outlined inRead MoreHuman Trafficking also Known as Modern Day Slave Trade1669 Words   |  7 Pages Human Trafficking, also referred to as modern-day slave trade, has been defined by the United Nations Palermo Protocol as, â€Å"the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons, by means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of abuse of power or of position of vulnerability or of the giving and receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitationRead MoreDomestic Human Sex Trafficking in the United States1300 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic Human Sex Trafficking in the United States Human sex trafficking and its sister category, Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking also referred to as DMST, (Kotrla,K. 2010) is the most common form of modern day slavery. In the United States there are an estimated 293,000 youth who fall under high risk factor or DMST (Walker-Rodriguez, A. Hill, R. 2011). Many men prey on the at risk youth to make a fortune for themselves. DMST exposes the youth to a life filled with violence, abuse that is both

Trichotillomania - 1591 Words

Trichotillomania is defined as a self-induced and recurrent loss of hair.[3] It includes the criterion of an increasing sense of tension before pulling the hair and gratification or relief when pulling the hair.[1] However, some people with trichotillomania do not endorse the inclusion of rising tension and subsequent pleasure, gratification, or relief as part of the criteria;[1] because many individuals with trichotillomania may not realize they are pulling their hair, patients presenting for diagnosis may deny the criteria for tension prior to hair pulling or a sense of gratification after hair is pulled.[3] Trichotillomania may lie on the obsessive–compulsive spectrum, also encompassing obsessive–compulsive disorder, nail biting†¦show more content†¦This pulling often resumes upon leaving this environment.[8] Some individuals with trichotillomania may feel they are the only person with this problem due to low rates of reporting.[9] Other medical complications include infection, permanent loss of hair, repetitive stress injury, carpal tunnel syndrome, and gastrointestinal obstruction as a result of trichophagia.[1] In trichophagia, people with trichotillomania also ingest the hair that they pull; in extreme (and rare) cases this can lead to a hair ball (trichobezoar).[3] Rapunzel syndrome, an extreme form of trichobezoar in which the tail of the hair ball extends into the intestines, can be fatal if misdiagnosed.[3][10][11][12] Environment is a large factor which affects hair pulling.[4] Sedentary activities such as being in a relaxed environment are conducive to hair pulling.[4][13] A common example of a sedentary activity promoting hair pulling is lying in a bed while trying to rest or fall asleep.[4] An extreme example of automatic trichotillomania is found when some patients have been observed to pull their hair out while asleep.[4] This is called sleep-isolated trichotillomania.[14] [edit]Causes and pathophysiology Anxiety, depression and obsessive–compulsive disorder are more frequently encountered in people with trichotillomania.[1][15] Trichotillomania has a high overlap with post traumatic stress disorder, and some cases of trichotillomania may beShow MoreRelatedTrichotillomania Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesTrichotillomania is a psychological disorder, resulting in an individual having an overwhelming urge to pull their hair out. The individual may either intentional pull the hair out or it may be the result of unconscious behavior. Hair is pulled from the scalp, eyebrows, arms, legs, pubic area and/or any other area on the body where there is hair. The method for pulling hair out, is typically done with the fingers, however, some individuals will use items such as tweezers, for removing the hairRead MoreTrichotillomania Onset Pregnancy699 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction: Trichotillomania is characterized by recurrent episodes of hair pulling behavior leading to noticeable loss of hair, increasing tension before hair-pulling or while coping with the urge to pull out hair, taking pleasure or a sense of relief while pulling out hair, and social, occupational, and functional impairment1. Trichotillomania can involve any area in the body; however, the most common areas are the scalp, followed by the eyebrows and eyelashes in children and in adults2. TheRead MoreThe Stigma Of Receiving Therapy For Mental Illness1592 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most difficult aspects of treating patients who suffer from trichotillomania (TTM), commonly called hair pulling disorder, is that most prefer to remain invisible. They are creative at finding ways to hide their illness. Most cover up with head scarves, hats, hoodies, and carry on as if nothing is wrong.Treatment for TTM is accessible through the NHS, yet the stigma of receiving therapy for mental illness is still strong enough to keep many patients with TTM away from psychologists, evenRead MoreCommunication and Intersection between Human Mind and Skin914 Words   |  4 Pagesbridge the two entities into a cohesive model. One of the dermatologic manifestations of psychiatric disease is observed in trichotillomania. Tricoti llomania remains one of the lesser researched areas in psychiatry. Many theories and potential treatments exist, yet conclusive and well-constructed studies are still lacking. Much of the core understanding of trichotillomania stems from very few studies and anecdotal evidence. The mind and skin are connected in a multitude of ways. The most obviousRead MoreBusiness Management3832 Words   |  16 PagesJournal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy Volume 2, No. 1, 2006 Trichotillomania: Behavioral Assessment and Treatment Interventions Brandy L. Kell Victoria E. Kress Abstract This article examines the behavioral treatment of Trichotillomania. A brief overview of the diagnosis and assessment of Trichotillomania is provided. Guidelines for a structured clinical evaluation when working with people diagnosed with Trichotillomania are supplied. The most effective behavioral interventions and treatmentsRead MoreThe, That Makes Your Hair Disappear1751 Words   |  8 Pagespresident of Trichotillomania Learning Center, recalls that, â€Å"The rhythm of running my fingers over my eyebrows is soothing. One half of my mind is attuned to the texture of each hair, the tickle against my thumb.† Very soon, she would feel that â€Å"... this hair feels out of place; it’s too thick, too coarse. I need to get it out.† This is the urge that has been haunting her since her childhood. As she entered her adulthood, she learned that she is not the only one with trichotillomania, the impulse-controlRead More Chronic Hair Pulling Essay2892 Words   |  12 Pageswithout pulling out her hair since she was 12 years old, she said. Rivers, a 19-year-old from Harrisville, Rhode Island who works in a local restaurant, has struggled with the impulse control disorder known as trichotillomania, the urge to pull out one’s own hair. Trichotillomania, often referred to as trich or TTM, was first documented by the French dermatologist, Francois Henri Hallopeau over 100 years ago and derives from the Greek words, â€Å"trich† (hair), â€Å"tillo† (to pull) and â€Å"mania† (impulse)Read MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay examples1375 Words   |  6 PagesDisorder (BDD). BDD is where a person has obsessive thoughts about his or her body, looking for abnormalities. They then spend hours examining the â€Å"defective† body part and may never leave home because of their embarrassment. Another OCD disorder is Trichotillomania (TTM). A person with TTM compulsively pulls out hairs from their head, arms, legs, eyebrows, and pubic area. TTM sufferers spend hours searching until the à ¢â‚¬Å"perfect hair† is found. They often feel driven to pull out their hairs because they thinkRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay2901 Words   |  12 Pagesactually a â€Å"spectrum† disease, OC Spectrum.  Ã‚  While OCD has some distinct biological components, it shares some of these components with some other illnesses.  Ã‚  OC Spectrum includes but is not limited to illnesses such as:  Ã‚  Tourette’s Syndrome,  Trichotillomania, Body  dysmorphic  disorder, Tic disorders, Compulsive skin picking, Eating disorders, and  Hypochondriasis  (OCF).  Ã‚  A key connection in all of the possible linked disorders is a person’s repetitive and obsessive thoughts or actions.  Ã‚  Another ideaRead MoreThe And Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1624 Words   |  7 Pagesdo not recall the name of my classmate or if he even survived that horrible attack.) As a result of witnessing this incident, I had developed a brief case of trichotillomania. People who have trichotillomania have an irresistible urge to pull out their hair, usually from their scalp, eyelashes, and eyebrows. Trichotillomania is a type of impulse control disorder. People with these disorders know that they can do damage by acting on the impulses, but they cannot stop themselves. They may

Gods and Goddesses in Homers Epic Poem The Iliad

The Iliad is an epic poem ascribed to the ancient Greek storyteller Homer, which tells the story of the Trojan War and the Greek siege of the city of Troy. The Iliad is believed to have been written in the 8th century BCE; it is a classic piece of literature which is still commonly read today. The Iliad includes a dramatic series of battle scenes as well as many scenes in which the gods intervene on behalf of various characters (or for their own reasons). In this list, youll find the major gods and personifications described in the poem, including some rivers and winds. Aidoneus Hades: god, king of the dead.Aphrodite: love goddess, Supports the Trojans.Apollo: god, sends a plague, son of Zeus and Leto. Supports the Trojans.Ares: god of war. Supports the Trojans.Artemis: goddess, daughter of Zeus and Hera, sister of Apollo. Supports the Trojans.Athena: goddess active in battle, daughter of Zeus. Supports the Greeks.Axius: river in Paeonia (in north-eastern Greece), also the river god.Charis: goddess, wife of Hephaestus.Dawn: goddess.Death: brother of Sleep.Demeter: goddess of grain and food.Dione: goddess, mother of Aphrodite.Dionysus: divine son of Zeus and Semele.Eileithyia: goddess of birth pains and labor pangs.Fear: goddess: accompanies Ares and Athena into battle.Flight: god.Folly: daughter of Zeus.Furies: goddesses of revenge within the family.Glauce: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Gygaea: a water nymph: mother of Mesthles and Ascanius (allies of the Trojans).Hades: brother of Zeus and Poseidon, god of the dead.Halià «: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Hebe: goddess who acts as cupbearer to the gods.Helios: god of the sun.Hephaestus: god, son of Zeus and Hera, artisan god, crippled in his legs.Hera: divine wife and sister of Zeus, daughter of Cronos. Supports the Greeks.Hermes: divine son of Zeus, called killer of Argus.Hyperion: god of the sun.Iris: goddess, the messenger of the gods.Leto: goddess, mother of Apollo and Artemis.Limnoreia: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Muses: goddesses, daughters of Zeus.Nemertes: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Nereus: sea god, father of the Nereids.Nesaea: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Night: goddess.North Wind.Oceanus (Ocean): god of the river surrounding the earth.Orithyia: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Paeà «on: god of healing.Poseidon: major Olympian god.Prayers: daughters of Zeus.Proto: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Rhea: goddess, wife of Cronos.Rumour: a messenger from Zeus.Seasons: goddesses who look after the gates of Olympus.Sleep: god, brother of death.Strife: goddess active in w ar.Terror: god, son of Ares.Tethys: goddess; wife of Oceanus.Themis: goddess.Thetis: divine sea nymph, mother of Achilles, daughter of the old man of the sea.Thoà «: a Nereid (daughter of Nereus).Titans: gods imprisoned by Zeus in Tartarus.Typhoeus: monster held captive underground by Zeus.Xanthus: god of the Scamander River.Zephyrus: the west wind.Zeus: King of the gods.

Strong or Weak Currency for South Africa - 2655 Words

Topic 1. A weak currency or a strong currency for the South African economy? What are the pros and cons of a weak or a strong currency in South Africa? Discuss. Table of Contents Page Number 1) Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.3 2) Benefits of a weak Rend in South Africa†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....3 3) Shortcomings of a weak rand in South Africa†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...4 4) The Pros of a strong rand in South Africa†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦5 5) Cons of a strong currency†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 6) Recommendation for South Africa economy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 7) Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..9 8) References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 1. Introduction A strong currency†¦show more content†¦SA cannot simultaneously lower the cost of its labor in a global context and raise the real disposable income of local workers. The reason companies benefit from a weaker exchange rate is that it improves their competitiveness. Unfortunately, if wages rise by as much as the currency has weakened the benefits of the weaker rand are quickly lost. Therefore, unless unions agree to contain wage increases to below the inflation rate, and take a real cut in wages when the rand depreciates, any plans to forcibly weaken the exchange rate are pointless. Madura (2009:172) indicates that the negative side of a weaker currency may include an upward inflationary pressure and increased prime lending rates by financial institutions. Thus, in the long run foreign companies will be driven out of the market as local goods seem to be cheap for local consumers; however, faced with little competition than before, local producers will increase prices culmina ting in an inflation stricken economy. Also a rand that is extremely weak would imply that most importers will seek domestic supply of goods. Domestic suppliers then have more power and are able to increase the selling price of goods. Moreover, less home grown business investments will flourish partly owing to deterring interest rates that shuns more investments. 4. The Pros of strong rand in S.A Currencies rise and fall based upon the performance of the local economy and the sentiment of investors. If aShow MoreRelatedWhat Are The Pros And Cons Of Anglo American Plc In South Africa1144 Words   |  5 PagesPortfolio 2 Submission Case: Anglo American PLC in South Africa (from Lesson 5) 1. Who are the various stakeholders that Anglo American needs to consider as it adopts an effective HIV/AIDs strategy? o Anglo American’s stakeholders are its employees, the employee’s families, their communities that they reside in. Political officials, health organization, its shareholders, hospitals, drug companies and anyone else that may be affected or can help this health epidemic. This is not a problem just forRead MoreWhat Is The Nominal Effective Exchange Rate1809 Words   |  8 Pages2005: Using the Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (NEER), unadjusted weighted average rate or currency index at which one country’s exchanges for multiple foreign currencies. NEER is an indicator of a country’s international aggressiveness in the forex market. The countries used for the calculations of NEER are Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan and UK against U.S. Dollar. 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Essay about Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Example For Students

Essay about Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart lived from January 27, 1756 to December 5, 1791. Mozart was a very influential and prolific composer of more than 600 works, including symphonies, concertante, chamber, piano, opera, and choral music. Regarded as a child prodigy, Mozart composed and performed in the European courts from the age of five, and was engaged at the Salzburg court at 17. Mozart’s musical style can be classified as Classical, although he learned from many of his contemporaries throughout his musical career. In order to better understand Mozart’s genius it is best to begin looking at his earliest contributions to the musical world as a child. From there, an exploration of his composition work in the employ of various patrons gives a more rounded picture of the development of Mozart’s musical style. Mozart is one of the most enduring composers, with his work continuing to resonate with modern audiences. Mozart was born to a deputy Kapellmeister to the court orchestra of the Archbishop of Salzburg. Leopold, Mozart’s father, was also a minor composer and teacher. Mozart’s musical abilities were first noticed when he showed great interest in the music lessons of his older sister. By the age of five, the Mozart family was touring European courts. The young Mozart showed great ability in the playing and composition of small pieces, many of which were transcribed by his father, and survive today. Eventually, Leopold gave up his own composing to concentrate on the talents of his young son. Leopold was also the early teacher of all of Mozart’s studies. After extensive touring from 1762 to 1773, Mozart was given employ at the Salzburg court at the age of 17. There, he had the opportunity to work in many genres, including symphonies, sonatas, string quartets, serenades, as well as a few operas. While at the Salzburg court, Mozart composed his only violin concertos, as wel l as his first piano concertos. However, Mozart grew discontent with his work at court when his desire to work on operas was not encouraged. Mozart began looking for alternative employment in 1777 with a journey to Paris with his mother. While on his tour of Paris, he had financial difficulty, and fell to pawning valuables. While he was gone, his father worked to secure a better position for Mozart in the Salzburg court, and after the death of his mother, Mozart returned to Salzburg. However, his discontent was little diminished, and he left for Vienna in 1781. There, he worked as a freelance composer and performer, and established himself as one of the best keyboard players in Vienna. This period of Mozart’s life saw his marriage to Constanze Weber, as well as moderately great success with his opera Die Entfà ¼hrung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from the Seraglio). Over the next few years, Mozart mounted a number of concerts featuring himself as a piano soloist which pushed him to great success and high accolades from his audience. Mozart also began to realize moderate financial success, which led him to adopt a more opulent lifestyle. Incidentally, this increase in lifestyle would lead to financial difficulties later. Around 1786, Mozart began collaborating with Lorenzo Da Ponte on two very successful operas, The Marriage of Figaro, and Don Giovanni. Soon after, Mozart secured a steady patronage post from Emperor Joseph II. However, Mozart’s financial situation began to worsen due to his lessening public performances and appearances. In fact, the families financial situation did not see any improvement until Mozart’s final year in 1791. This was a time of great productivity in which Mozart did a great deal of composing. Some of his works to come from this period include the highly regarded opera, The Magic Flute, a piano concerto, and a clarinet concerto. The Magic Flute was received with great success, and was performed many times righ t up until his death. Mozart died suddenly on December 5, 1791, at the age of 35. Mozart was in Prague supervising the performance of his new opera La clemenza di Tito, and began to fall ill. The exact details of his short illness and death are still unknown. Many of his contemporary biographers seem to be in consensus that he was taken by a form of fever. After his death, Mozart’s wife Constanze set about to secure her and her family’s financial security with the production of many of Mozart’s works as well as publishing many of his pieces. Mozart had great influence over many composers of his day, as well as affecting many who followed him. Besides being a force behind developing the classical style, Mozart’s musical abilities inspired many aspiring musicians. Indeed, Mozart’s work continues to thrill audiences and imitators alike. .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c , .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .postImageUrl , .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c , .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:hover , .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:visited , .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:active { border:0!important; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:active , .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub5cb6f80f59b8c543619b2689a7bfe2c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Aaa Sex Story Essay Works Cited The Mozart Project- Biography. The Mozart Project. mozartproject.org, 25, Apr 1998. Web. 22 Jun 2010.  . About Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart- Classical Archives. Classical Archives. classicalarchives.com, 2008. Web. 22 Jun 2010.  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Studio-Mozart. studio-mozart.com, 2000. Web. 22 Jun 2010.  . Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia.org. wikipedia.org, 20 Jun 2010. Web. 22 Jun 2010.  .

Contract Law Community Legislation and Actions

Question: Describe about the legal issues of Florence Treasures it has been found that the trader will face legal issue in future specially in case of intrastate trade which the trader is dealing with the suppliers of Russia? Answer: Introduction The present memorandum of advice (MOA) is framed to instruct Florence Treasures Ltd regarding import laws and International trade Regulations of UK. Florence Treasures Ltd imports jewellery products from countries like Latvia, Lithuania and Russia. As per the Import Law, under the International Trade Law, for products manufactured outside EU and commercially imported into UK should undergo Customs clearance procedures. Thus, the MOA will deal with the ascertainment of the necessity of Import regulations within the contracts with the suppliers (Crawford, 2012). Further, the MOA will also assess the necessity of the legal legislations with regard to purchase of furniture for the London residence from Spain. Florence Treasures Ltd has also entered into a house extension agreement with a Poland based company for extension of the UK residence. Thus, the MOA here targets the necessity of the legislations concerning the Import law, trade law and the house property law in case of any dispute arising within the contract. Summary of advice Florence Treasures Ltd generally imports jewellery goods from three major countries namely Latvia, Lithuania and Russia. In case of any import disputes, resulting between Florence Treasures and the suppliers of these countries relevant legislative norms should be included in the import contract to help Florence Treasures seek legal advice. In this regard, Florence Treasures will be required to frame a legal contract with the suppliers in Russia because as per the International Trade Laws, for trade with any countries outside European Union, the imported products are required to undergo customs clearance process. Thus, if the clearance certificate is not included along with the products imported from Russia, Florence will be legally breaching the International law of Trade (Delfino, 2012). Further, in case of internal trading between the EU countries like Latvia and Lithuania with Florence Treasures, the norms of internal goods dispatch will be applicable. In case of the internal dispatch, the VAT rates will only be applicable. Similarly, in case of the purchase of furniture and house renovation agreement between Florence and Poland Company, the agreement should contain the VAT registration number of the company and provide details on Interstate returns. In this regard, it may be advised that the suppliers of Latvia and Lithuania along with the companies of Spain and Poland are liable to show their return under the Interstate returns. In case if the export arrivals of Florence Treasures exceeds 1.5 million then Florence Treasures will also face legal obligation for not showing the interstate returns and the VAT rate applicability. In assessment of the effect of Import laws and VAT laws within the contract with the suppliers it may be recommended that the import laws may offer restrictions on quantity, impose duties and increase the price of the goods making the jewellery products costlier for Florence Treasures. However, the imposition of the contracts and agreements along with the import laws will not hamper the trading relations between Florence and its suppliers (Hogan, 2011). Cause of action/offences In case of Florence Treasures, interstate trade is taking place between the EU countries namely UK, Latvia and Lithuania. Intrastate trade is taking place between Russia and UK. In case of trade between the interstate countries, Florence is liable to pay VAT on the total purchase (Huberman, 2012). However, since Florence treasures have no legal import contract with the suppliers thus it is uncertain whether the company is a VAT registered company or not. As per the Value added Tax Act, the VAT registration is voluntary and will give the business the opportunity to cover the input tax credit. However, in thus case since Florence Treasures are not registered under the VAT hence the company will not be able to recover the input tax credit. Further, even if the company is registered under the VAT legislations, then as per section 72 (1) of the Value Added Tax act, the evasion of the VAT will be considered as a criminal offense on the part of the company. The owner of Florence Treasures w ill also be convicted to 6 months of imprisonment and monetary fine as a part of the penalty(Calley, 2012). In case of the Russian supplier, Florence Treasures are required to make payment on custom duties and import duties. As per the Customs Civil Evasion Penalty (CCEPs), the EU companies trading with any other company of other countries require to make customs and import duty payments. In this case since Florence Treasures have no legal contract with the Russian suppliers hence the y may face issues relating to non-payment of import duties and custom duties with respect to the import of the jewellery product from Russia. As per the Finance Act 2003, in future circumstances, this may pose as a problem for Florence Treasures and they may be penalised (Chen-Wishart, 2012). In third case, Florence has given a house construction project to a Poland based company for the extension of a UK based house. In case of the extension project the absence of a valid contract between the builder and the owner may put the owner under several future threats. For instance, in this case, the Poland builder may delay the completion time of the construction, the construction may not be in accordance to the provided details or the builder may cheat on the owner. Thus, Florence Treasures is required to maintain a Joint Contracts Tribunal (JCT) with the proposed builder, which will set the legal guidelines and will protect Florence, from any future mishaps from the builder. Defences According to Butler, (2012) in a civil or criminal law, it is a common act for the defendant to raise a defence and find a loop hole within the law in order to avoid criminal or civil liability. The defendants generally avoid the criminal or the civil liability and make allegations against the prosecutor or the plaintiff to prove their innocence. In certain circumstances, it is acceptable on the part of the law that the defences are true. Thus to prove the innocence, the defendant must show burden of proof. Two major customs penalties operate under the civil law namely the Customs civil penalties and the Customs Civil Evasion Penalties. Florence Treasures have not entered into any contract thus; the trader will be legally liable for the penalties under the civil law and non-payment of customs duty. As per the Finance Act 1996, if the trader imports restricted goods like the jewelleries without the any legal documentation, the importation of the prohibited goods will be dealt as a cri minal offence and no defence in this regard will be available. Moreover, the HMRC will charge interest if the customs duty are not paid within the due date. Section 197 of Finance Act 1996, states that the HMRC officers may issue penalties to the traders like ceasing of the goods of the traders for the regulatory contraventions (James, 2010) However, in this regard, there is a defence for the trader, if the trader has paid the customs and the excise duty, then the trader is entitled to reclaim the seized goods. Thus, if Florence Treasures is able to make payment of the customs and the excise after entering into a valid contract with the suppliers of Russia, Latvia and Lithuania, then the trader may reclaim the goods (Jeongpyo Lee, 2012). Remedies Two major issues have been highlighted for Florence Treasures. Firstly, the non-payment of the customs and the excise duty for the interstate and intrastate trade with the different suppliers, and, secondly, the issue of non-existence of any contract between house builder and Florence. As per the legal legislations of International Trade law and JCT, Florence Treasures are entitled to certain remedies, which they can adopt before the issues arise (Kerr and Gaisford, 2007). In the first case, since Florence Treasures is a jeweller, hence the trader is supposed to know about the International trade laws that affect the traders, suppliers and the customers. In case of Trading with the customers, the jewellers in UK are required to abide by the Hallmark Act 1973, which provides details on law covering the hallmarking and describing of articles specially the jewellery items. The approval of the Hallmarks provide the customers with the assurance that the material sold by the jewellers are free from any defects and have correct values and weights (Koch, 2010). Import restrictions are generally either product-specific or trade specific. Some of the products are subject to product specific standards and needs to be supported by applicable certificates and documents. Thus, if Florence Treasures adopts the import duties and the tariffs then the trader will be able to trade legally with the interstate and the intrastate suppliers (Boeckman, Greenwald and Von Bisma rck, 2013). In the second case, entering into a JCT contract will give Florence the benefit of making legal claim if the builder is in breach of the contract. However, as per the JCT contract, the homeowner should first check whether the builder is in breach of the contract or not. Secondly, the homeowner should check which of the contract terms have been breached. For instance, if the delay in the construction or the extension has occurred due to the weather conditions of due to any other natural occurrences, then the blame should not be given on the builder and the contract is not seen to be breached (Koch, 2010). However, if the JCT contract does not show the specific issues relating to the breach then the homeowner can implement the following steps namely: The homeowner can pay the builder the value of the correctly executed work and decline from making payment of any non-specified work (Lakhan and Heiss, 2010) The homeowner can also give the builder the opportunity to make this correct and right If the builder is not able to meet the requirements of the homeowner within a reasonable period, then the homeowner can opt for employment of a replacement builder to change the defects ad may appoint the first builder to pay the costs of the replacement builder Moreover, with the help of a JCT contract, the homeowner and the build both will have a proceeding guideline regarding the legal legislations concerning the building extensions and construction methods. In case of Florence, since the trader is employing a builder residing at Poland for extending the house property in London, hence it is highly recommended for Florence to frame a legal JCT contract. Bix, (2012) stated that under a JCT contract the customer pays the builder 95% of the price of the construction work either in instalments during the tenure of the construction work or at the end when the construction process is completed. Thus, this contract gives the owner the opportunity of making the payment after being satisfied with the completed job. If the job is not completed then the owner may not make any payment or in case of instalments, the owner can stop the instalment at the position when the owner finds that the construction is not satisfactory in nature (Lessambo, 2013). Advice on specific issues of law The MOA focuses on advising the client on the legislations of the import laws, construction laws and the trade laws so that the client may not face any legal dispute with respect to the absence of any particular legal contracts (Zimmermann, 2012). As per the International Trade laws, if the trader or the consumer is able to bring any goods from outside the country for own personal use then the trader will not be required to pay any customs or import tax on the goods. The unlimited amount of goods can be imported from any EU countries if the goods are imported for personal use. Hence, in this case, Florence Treasures can effectively import goods from Spain, Latvia and Lithuania if the goods are brought in for personal use (MacLeod, 2010). However, in the given case Florence Treasures have imported the following goods for the following purpose namely: Necklaces and rings from the Latvia, Russia and Lithuania suppliers for shop selling purpose Display cabinet for keeping the jewellery in the shop from Spain Chairs and Furniture from Spain for office use Thus, in this case Florence Treasures have brought in all the items for trading purpose, which shows that the major focus of Florence Treasures was to gain profit out of the business operations (Michaels, 2012). Thus, Florence Treasures cannot claim the non-payment of the customs and the import duties. Again, in case of importing goods from outside EU, the major focus should be on bringing the goods at least possible cost. In certain cases the duty free import is possible if the goods are brought from outside EU, that is form the countries, which are not a part of the EU. The following are the circumstances under which the goods can be made duty free: The trader should transport the goods, which are brought in from the countries, which are outside EU If the goods are used by the trader for own continence or if the goods are used as gift to begiven to some other individual (Moloney, 2010) As per the International Trade Law, the customs for the goods, which are brought externally from different parts of other countries apart from the EU members, is around 2.5%. Thus if the customs duty is not paid for the trading goods then the trader may be required to undergo the civil as well as the criminal penalty charges (Zimmermann, 2012). In the given case, it is thus advisable for Florence Treasures to at least incorporate a trade contract with the suppliers in Russia because the import of the jewellery form Russia include importing of goods from countries outside EU. Thus, if no legal contract is prevalent then the profit earned by Florence Treasures by selling of the jewellery items will be penalised and the trader will have to serve civil and criminal penalties (Stone, 2013). Thus, in order to avoid the civil and the criminal penalties, it is advisable that the trader should make the payment of 2.5% customs on the jewellery goods brought in from Russia. In this regard, it m ay be stated that apart from the customs, the traders are also required to make a payment of the import VAT. Ayres and Ayres, (2012) stated that an import VAT will be paid by the trader on the total value of the goods plus the customs duty which has been allocated for the goods. The standard VAT rate for all types of goods and services including the jewellery items are 20% in UK. Previously the VAT rate was 17.5% however, with the large increase in the import levels the VAT rate increased to 20%. Thus, in this case, for the jewellery pieces that Florence will import from Russia, the trader will need to pay both customs @ 2.5% and VAT on the overall value of the product plus the total customs @ 20%. This will thus create a big burden on the trader if all customs and the VAT is paid together at the same time (Suharnoko, 2012). Procedural and evidential issues The procedural evidence shows that the traders are required to pay penalties in various cases when the trader does not pay the custom duties and the excise duties. The non-payment of the VAT @ 20% makes the trader loose the ownership over the goods. However, under other circumstances if the goods are seized by the trading department then the trader should pay off the outstanding duties and the VAT amount so that the goods can be retrieved from the trading department (Trebilcock, Howse and Eliason, 2012). Evidences of construction faults are also seen in case of the various construction issues. In 90% of the construction cases, the early payment system to the construction builders creates problem for the owner of the house. Some of the major problems, which the owners face, are the delay in the construction process due to the natural disasters and lack of sufficient labours. Thus, in this case of Florence Treasures have the JCT contract then the trader will be able to resolve the issu es and make monthly instalment payments as and when the construction is completed. Conclusion The overall analysis of the legal issues of Florence Treasures it has been found that the trader will face legal issue in future specially in case of intrastate trade which the trader is dealing with the suppliers of Russia. In case of the construction process, which the trader will undertake specially from the builders in Poland, the trader can further face the issue of not getting satisfactory results. The major aim of the memorandum of Advice is to provide the client with the necessary advice on the different aspects of legal legislations that the client may face in future. Thus, in this case since the client is facing uncertainty and thus the client has focused on legal advice. Thus, in this regard the major advice that can be given to the client is that the client should enter into a valid contract with the suppliers in Russia, Latvia and Lithuania. The major focus of the client should be on the calculations of the primary customs and the excise duties that are required to be pa id in case of interstate and intrastate trading relations. In the second issue, the MOA will highlight the issue that the trader may face in future concerning the construction issues with the builder in Poland. If the builder is not able to complete the work within the scheduled period or the builder is not able to produce a satisfactory work process then the trader will have no option of any further amendments since there are no valid contracts. Thus, the trader should enter into a JCT contract with the builder in Poland so that the construction process is completed successfully. Thus, the overall MOA shows the issues, the defences that are possible if the issues arise and the possible legislations that should be undertaken by the trader so that legal issues can be resolved. References Ayres, I. and Ayres, I. (2012).Studies in contract law. New York: Foundation Press. Bix, B. (2012).Contract law. Cambridge [UK]: Cambridge University Press. Boeckman, P., Greenwald, D. and Von Bismarck, N. (2013).Twelfth annual institute on securities regulation in Europe. New York, NY: Practising Law Institute. Butler, D. (2012).Contract law. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Calley, D. (2012).Market denial and international fisheries regulation. Leiden, NL: Martinus Nihoff. Chen-Wishart, M. (2012).Contract law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Crawford, T. (2012).The Author's Guide to a Contract with Book Designer. New York: Constable Robinson. Delfino, R. (2012). European Community legislation and Actions.European Review of Contract Law, 8(4). Hogan, N. (2011).Understanding the securities laws, Summer 2011. New York, NY: Practising Law Institute. Huberman, M. (2012).Odd couple. New Haven: Yale University Press. James, S. (2010). European contract law: coming out.Law Fin Markets Rev, 4(5), pp.485-489. James, S. (2010). European contract law: coming out.Law Fin Markets Rev, 4(5), pp.485-489. Jeongpyo Lee, (2012). A Comparative Analysis of Korean Insurance Contract Law Amendment and Chinese Insurance Contract Law.KOREA INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL REVIEW, 27(2), pp.47-67. Kerr, W. and Gaisford, J. (2007).Handbook on international trade policy. 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